Ecstasy & Addiction

Understanding MDMA: What Is It?

What Is MDMA?

MDMA (also called ecstasy or Molly) is a synthetic drug sold as brightly colored pills or pure white powder pressed into capsules. Researchers used to consider MDMA a club drug, as it was once used exclusively in clubs and dance parties. But now it’s much more broadly used, including outside of party environments.[2]

MDMA is a type of hallucinogen, changing your perception of sight, smells, and sounds. MDMA also has stimulant properties, allowing people to feel a boost of energy. 

Key Facts About Ecstasy Addiction 

History & Statistics

MDMA is typically used by men ages 18 to 25. Most start using the drug at age 21.[5]

In the 1980s, when Molly was new to the community, people used the drug within the club scene. The drug makes dancing with other people in bright lights more appealing. But researchers say MDMA has now moved beyond the club, and people take it in all sorts of environments.[5]

Deaths associated with Molly have increased between 2011 and 2017. A total of 1,400 deaths were identified during this period in four countries alone.[6]

Side Effects: How Ecstasy Affects the Brain

Whether you take pills or capsules, MDMA moves from your digestive system into your bloodstream. From there, molecules move into your brain and make changes there.

MDMA increases three chemicals inside your brain:

• Dopamine: This so-called “feel-good chemical” is responsible for the burst of happiness that sets in after your hit. That sensation may make you return to the drug repeatedly.
• Norepinephrine: This chemical is tied to organ regulation. More of it means your heart rate and blood pressure increase. 
• Serotonin: This chemical increases feelings of closeness and intimacy. It also controls appetite and sleep, so it could make you feel hungry and wired.

Short-Term Effects

Molly intoxication begins within about 45 minutes of taking a dose.[7] Symptoms of intoxication can include the following:[4]

• Enhanced sense of well-being or empathy
• Extroversion
• Enhanced sensory perception
• High blood pressure
• Panic attacks
• Loss of consciousness
• Seizures

Long-Term Effects

People who abuse MDMA regularly deplete important chemicals within the brain. They can develop several symptoms, including the following:[4]

• Irregular heartbeat
• Depression
• Inability to concentrate
• Anxiety
• Aggression
• Irritability
• Insomnia
• Impulsivity
• Heart disease

Signs of Addiction: What to Look Out For

Some people are quick to tell their friends and family members that they use Molly. Others try to hide their use.

Telltale signs of MDMA use include the following:

• Secretiveness, including paranoia about people being in their personal space 
• Borrowing or stealing money 
• Sudden mood changes
• Unusual emotional reactions, including extreme cuddliness
• Exhaustion or depression after a night out 
• New friends who also seem drugged
• Evidence of pills or wrappers 

People who see these signs should speak up. MDMA is too dangerous for regular use.

Dangers of Ecstasy Abuse

Taking illicit drugs is never smart, but MDMA comes with unique risks that other drugs can’t match. 

Contamination Risk 

When police officers seize ecstasy or Molly, they test it for purity. Often, they find other chemicals, such as these:[8]

• Ephedrine
• Cocaine
• Heroin
• Ketamine
• Methamphetamine
• PCP

You have no idea what’s inside the next pill or capsule you take. Drugs sold on the street don’t have any kind of quality control to ensure they are what dealers say they are. The next dose you take could be more harmful than anything you’ve taken before. 

Overdose Risk 

While it’s rare for people to overdose on MDMA, it happens.[7] The drug can cause the following symptoms during an overdose:

• Very high body temperature 
• Loss of consciousness
• Seizures
• Fast or irregular heartbeat 

Since ecstasy and Molly often contain other substances, you could potentially overdose from something that is combined with MDMA, often without your knowledge.

With quick treatment, people can usually recover from an overdose. But sometimes, people just don’t get help soon enough.

Ecstasy Addiction Treatment 

It’s difficult to quit drugs like MDMA without help. An effective treatment program could give you the tools you need to change your life for the better. 

Medical Detox 

No medications are approved by the FDA to treat ecstasy intoxication or addiction. But some treatment teams use medications to ease common problems people experience when they try to quit the drug.

For example, your medical detox team might use antidepressants to address uncomfortable thoughts and sedatives to help you sleep. You may also benefit from meditation and balanced meals to help your mind and body heal. 

Rehabilitation 

In a residential treatment program, you’ll work with a talented team of professionals who help you rebuild your life and develop healthy habits. 

Your program might involve cognitive behavioral therapy, family therapy, and other forms of talk therapy. You might participate in support group meetings to learn from your peers. And you may use exercise, art therapy, or music therapy to find new ways to express yourself. 

Aftercare

When your residential program is complete, you’ll have the tools you need to stay sober. But most people need extra help to resist the urge to relapse. Staying in touch with support group meetings and your therapists can help you work through new triggers and challenges without returning to drugs. 

Frequently Asked Questions About Ecstasy

We’ve compiled some of the most frequently asked questions about ecstasy and MDMA abuse.